WebCanada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching [250], Canada has a highly developed mixed-market economy,[252][253] with the world's eighth-largest economy as of 2022[update], and a nominal GDP of approximately US$2.221trillion. Despite Canadas great size, it is one of the worlds most sparsely populated countries. 4,524,782. [206], Common law prevails everywhere except in Quebec, where civil law predominates. [42] No further European exploration occurred until 1497, when Italian seafarer John Cabot explored and claimed Canada's Atlantic coast in the name of King Henry VII of England. Here's how to protect yourself. A fuel pump is seen in a car at a gas station in Toronto April 22, 2014. "[314] Around 30percent of Canadians' healthcare is paid for through the private sector. [50] The Beaver Wars broke out in the mid-17th century over control of the North American fur trade. [425] An image of the previous monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, appears on $20 bank notes, and on the obverse of all current Canadian coins. [85] Canada provided asylum for the Dutch monarchy while that country was occupied and is credited by the Netherlands for major contributions to its liberation from Nazi Germany. Virtual Tour Schedule a Tour. [365], The 1977 Charter of the French Language established French as the official language of Quebec. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. [326][327] The Commonwealth Fund's 2021 report comparing the healthcare systems of the 11 most developed countries ranked Canada second-to-last. The delay underscored Canada's independence. [262] Like many other developed countries, the Canadian economy is dominated by the service industry, which employs about three-quarters of the country's workforce. Indigenous peoples have continuously inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years. [135], Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary from region to region. [410][411], Historically, Canada has been influenced by British, French, and Indigenous cultures and traditions. [68] The Anglo-Russian Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1825) established the border along the Pacific coast, but, even after the US Alaska Purchase of 1867, disputes continued about the exact demarcation of the AlaskaYukon and AlaskaBC border. [191] The Prime Minister's Office (PMO) is thus one of the most powerful institutions in government, initiating most legislation for parliamentary approval and selecting for appointment by the Crown, besides the aforementioned, the governor general, lieutenant governors, senators, federal court judges, and heads of Crown corporations and government agencies. WebCanada. [336] Established in 1663, Universit Laval is the oldest post-secondary institution in Canada. [335] Canada has a large number of universities, almost all of which are publicly funded. [92], The Canadian economy boomed during the war as its industries manufactured military materiel for Canada, Britain, China, and the Soviet Union. A booster dose can help strengthen our protection against severe forms of COVID-19 Report a problem or mistake on this page. [464] "The Maple Leaf Forever", written in 1866, was a popular patriotic song throughout English Canada and for many years served as an unofficial national anthem. Perceived health", "Health at a Glance: OECD Indicators by country", "Almost a million B.C residents have no family doctor", "Nearly 60% of British Columbians find it difficult to access a doctor or have no access at all: poll", "Emergency room, primary care closures continue over long weekend in rural B.C. [332] Education is within provincial jurisdiction and the curriculum is overseen by the province. 49,871. [142] Although Canada has a low percentage of endemic species compared to other countries,[143] due to human activities, invasive species and environmental issues in the country, there are currently more than 800 species at risk of being lost. Deaths. 4,524,782. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. [266] In the 1970s, concerns over energy self-sufficiency and foreign ownership in the manufacturing sectors prompted Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's Liberal government to enact the National Energy Program (NEP) and the Foreign Investment Review Agency (FIRA). [134] Canada is geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, notably Mount Meager massif, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley, and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex. [324] Canada's per-capita spending on health expenditures ranked 4th among health-care systems in the OECD. A. J. Casson became part of the group in 1926. WebCanada has ten provinces and three territories that are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution.In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North AmericaNew Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada (which upon Confederation was divided into Ontario and Quebec)united to Canada holds the third largest oil reserves after Saudi Arabia and Venezuela, and is the only non-OPEC member in the top five. Visible minorities are defined by Statistics Canada as "persons, other than aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour". In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. Canada is bordered by non-contiguous US state of Alaska in the northwest and by 12 other US states in the south. [355], Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4percent. The minister of finance and minister of innovation, science and industry use the Statistics Canada agency for financial planning and economic policy development. [355] The Indigenous population representing 5percent or 1.8 million individuals, grew by 9.4percent compared to the non-Indigenous population, which grew by 5.3percent from 2016 to 2021. 49,871. [123] By land area alone, Canada ranks fourth, due to having the world's largest area of fresh water lakes. WebCanada - CBC News. [354], Of the 36.3 million people enumerated in 2021, approximately 25.4 million reported being "White", representing 69.8percent of the population. [60] The American war of independence also caused a large out-migration of Loyalists, the settlers who had fought against American independence. [115] Canada also joined the Gulf War in 1990 as part of a United Statesled coalition force and was active in several peacekeeping missions in the 1990s, including the UNPROFOR mission in the former Yugoslavia. In turn, these may be grouped into four main regions: Western Canada, Central Canada, Atlantic Canada, and Northern Canada (Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together). Chris Bolin/The Globe and Mail. New Brunswick was in turn split from Nova Scotia as part of a reorganization of Loyalist settlements in the Maritimes, which led to the incorporation of Saint John, New Brunswick, as Canada's first city. [237], In 2001, Canada deployed troops to Afghanistan as part of the U.S. stabilization force and the UN-authorized, NATO-led International Security Assistance Force. Chris Bolin/The Globe and Mail. Its advanced economy is the eighth-largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. [416] Modern symbols emphasize the country's geography, cold climate, lifestyles and the Canadianization of traditional European and Indigenous symbols. Here's how to protect yourself. [298] The main drivers of population growth are immigration and, to a lesser extent, natural growth. [298] Canada spans latitudinally from the 83rd parallel north to the 41st parallel north, and approximately 95percent of the population is found south of the 55th parallel north. [462] The Canadian Music Hall of Fame, established in 1976, honours Canadian musicians for their lifetime achievements. thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. The governor general or monarch may, though, in certain crisis situations exercise their power without ministerial advice. As much a piece of history as a natural wonder, Canadas. [207] Criminal law is solely a federal responsibility and is uniform throughout Canada. [26], The Indigenous population at the time of the first European settlements is estimated to have been between 200,000[27] and two million,[28] with a figure of 500,000 accepted by Canada's Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. Of all Canadas top sights, Banff National Park justifiably ranks as many peoples number one. [285] Other major Canadian scientific contributions include the artificial cardiac pacemaker, mapping the visual cortex,[286][287] the development of the electron microscope,[288][289] plate tectonics, deep learning, multi-touch technology and the identification of the first black hole, Cygnus X-1. [460] Music broadcasting in the country is regulated by the CRTC. [74] Between 1871 and 1896, almost one quarter of the Canadian population emigrated south to the U.S.[75], To open the West and encourage European immigration, Parliament approved sponsoring the construction of three transcontinental railways (including the Canadian Pacific Railway), opening the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and establishing the North-West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory. [56] To avert conflict in Quebec, the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act 1774, expanding Quebec's territory to the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. [435], Canada's media is highly autonomous, uncensored, diverse and very regionalized. [276] As of 2020[update], the country has produced fifteen Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, and medicine,[277] and was ranked fourth worldwide for scientific research quality in a major 2012 survey of international scientists. WebApply to travel, study, work or immigrate to Canada, apply for citizenship, a permanent resident card or refugee protection, check the status of your application or find a form. [139] The rate of warming has been higher across the North and in the Prairies. [15][16][17], The Canada Act 1982, which brought the constitution of Canada fully under Canadian control, referred only to Canada. WebVisit our Campus. [417] The use of the maple leaf as a Canadian symbol dates to the early 18th century. Canada is a country in North America. Moving between provinces. Experience the beautiful campus and enriching community that makes Caada College the school for you! [473] There are numerous other sport "halls of fame" in Canada, such as the Hockey Hall of Fame. [256] Canada's economy ranks above the U.S. and most western European nations on The Heritage Foundation's Index of Economic Freedom[257] and experiences a relatively low level of income disparity. [228] For example, it maintains full relations with Cuba and declined to participate in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. [59] The Proclamation and the Quebec Act in turn angered many residents of the Thirteen Colonies, further fuelling anti-British sentiment in the years prior to the American Revolution. .ca. [388] Other faiths include Islam (4.9percent), Hinduism (2.3percent), Sikhism (2.1percent), Buddhism (1.0percent), Judaism (0.9percent), and Indigenous spirituality (0.2percent). thng tin) cn gi l Gia N i) l quc gia c din tch ln th hai trn th gii, v nm cc bc ca Bc M. [161] An emphasis on social justice has been a distinguishing element of Canada's political culture. [105], At the same time, Quebec underwent profound social and economic changes through the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s, giving birth to a secular nationalist movement. [85], The first Canadian Army units arrived in Britain in December 1939. [18] The term Dominion was used to distinguish the federal government from the provinces, though after the Second World War the term federal had replaced dominion. Contracts with government. [149], Approximately 12.1 percent of the nation's landmass and freshwater are conservation areas, including 11.4 percent designated as protected areas. [45] In general, early settlements during the Age of Discovery appear to have been short-lived due to a combination of the harsh climate, problems with navigating trade routes and competing outputs in Scandinavia. One of North Americas largest urban green spaces, Stanley Park is revered for its dramatic forest-and-mountain oceanfront views. ", "The Governor General of Canada: Roles and Responsibilities", "House of Commons Procedure and Practice: Parliamentary Institutions", "The Opposition in a Parliamentary System", "Government and Canada's 41st Parliament: Questions and Answers", "Difference between Canadian Provinces and Territories", "Differences from Provincial Governments", "Keeping Canada and Our Communities Safe and Secure", Aboriginal roundtable on Kelowna Accord: Aboriginal policy negotiations 20042006, "Plans at a glance and operating context", "Millennium Development Goals: A sprint to 2015 and the way forward", "Torture by Army Peacekeepers in Somalia Shocks Canada", "Russia claims North Pole with Arctic flag stunt", "Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2021", Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, "More soldiers, ships and planes for military in Liberal defence plan", "Evolution of the world's 25 top trading nations Share of global exports of goods (%), 19782020", United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, "Who owns whom? 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