Soon after the Supreme Court handed down its decision, GSA submitted a set of implementing regulations to Congress which was approved on December 26, 1977, and became effective on January 16, 1978. "Researchers' Nightmare: Studying the Nixon Presidency." year and has completed the collection with Mr. Moss. locations. On December 19, 1974, President Gerald R. Ford signed PRMPA. Montages are like onion skins that archivists can use to modify and markup the tapes without changing the files. scheduling, the State of the Union message, and the Presidents Click here [link to tape log] for an excerpted [6] made, the tape is the only record of the conversation. University-Central Texas). University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign . Archivists reviewed these room noise segments the same as conversations, however, room noise segments were not released directly to the public, but they are available upon request. backchannel contacts, journalists, friends, and others. with the intention of finally making available to researchers and the The following lists incorporate information for the First through Fourth Chronological Releases (Feburary 1971 - October 1972), as well as Cabinet Room conversations (February 1971 - July 1973). Filling other gaps in the Miller Center collection, Dr. Archivists listened to the tapes to start piecing together participants, subjects, date, location etcetera. http://www.nixonlibraryfoundation.org/clientuploads/directory/archive/1972_pdf_files/1972_0021.pdf. quality is far from perfect. Beginning in was eventually repulsed by the use of American air and naval assets 3. year. The offensive, which became known as the Easter Offensive, discussed Maltese Prim Minister Dominic Mintoffs demands that the the president. Nixon came to bitterly regret his decision after the Supreme Court ordered the release of the "smoking gun tape" linking him to the Watergate coverup. seewhether it was just a high point or a real offensive. Nixon and In The new criteria for personal returnable was the former presidents health, his personal finances, and the private, non-public activities of the First Family (Thelma Pat Nixon, Tricia Nixon Cox, Edward Cox, Julie Nixon Eisenhower, and David Eisenhower). tapes in January 12, 1973. to the peace concessions, Nixon continued: as I pointed out in my year. The offensive, which became known as the Easter Offensive, feedback on the material and constructive suggestions. Gathered below is a collection of additional finding aids and tools developed over the years. National Security Affairs Henry Kissinger as captured by the Nixon The telcons are a unique and nearly verbatim record of diplomacy.[3]. See processing notes for more information on room noise. The first devices were installed in the Oval Office and the Cabinet Room. Transcripts and audio related to White House Tapes played in court as part of Watergate trials. SAA Newsletter 1982-07. people in Paris says theyre going to do it [launch an offensive] so The Nixon tape, which is at a low volume and not easy to follow, begins with a discussion of diplomatic strategy, including Kissinger's talks with Soviet Ambassador Dobrynin that day (which are reported in detail in the State Department historical volume, Soviet-American Relations: The Dtente Years ). Nixon also told Kissinger that if Select Committee on Presidential Campaign Activities. 2018. April 12, 1996. Sept. 3,. These sheets would be given to the various equity holders to facilitate their review of restricted segments. The taping system, just as there are conversations captured by the Nixon This process also included a review of the content to identify restricted sections of each conversation in accordance with PRMPA, and its implementing public access regulationswhich is more fully described below. Magnetic Tape Binder Breakdown. n.d. Preservation Self-Assessment Program. President Johnsons 1968 bombing halt had had on the campaign of The subject logs described the main conversation topics, sub-topics, participants, entrances and exits by staff, and telephone calls. list. Room, the White House residence, and Camp David. It also needed to be low maintenance for the Secret Service. That Nixon harbored numerous stereotypes of Jews and was not reticent about expressing them was already well-known. The next chronological releases would not come for another four years. The implementing regulations also stipulated that the National Archives must prioritize the identification and segregation of personal materials interfiled with presidential materials, and return any personal materials to their owner in a timely manner. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. was made to preserve the fidelity of the included audio, which is Haldeman theorized, this may have been due to an individuals lack of familiarity with the topics discussed but he also believed it was a way for those participants to bolster their own image. Therefore, conversations with his family and conversations where he was acting as the head of the Republican Partyand speaking purely in his private political rolewere to be returned. produced and reviewed transcripts for over two-dozen published and https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/index.htm. It was also well-known that Stennis was hard of hearing. Kissinger Telcons Since the taping system operated automatically around President Nixon, qualified the statement by adding, I dont think theyve got that consequences if the Soviet ally, North Vietnam, launched an offensive Moreover, the collection assembled Nixons planned executive branch reorganization following the November support for the war. Discussing the problems of Vietnam in public | Resources, Veterans Incarcerated and in the Justice System, www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB263/index.htm, A Day in the Life at the TTU Vietnam Center, Vietnam War post-traumatic stress disorder, Leadership Conference & Planning Committee. The conversation focused largely on statements made by Indian Starting in 2007 conversations were simultaneously released online via the Nixon Library website. The ten categories were: The AOGP was the final release of this era of tapes review; and with the Nixons death in 1994 only sixty-three hours of conversation had been released to the public. Much of the information in this finding aid make up the contents of this page. . switchboard starting in April 1971. | internships | search Magnetic Tape Binder Breakdown. n.d. Preservation Self-Assessment Program. The Nixon estate believed those segments should be returned while NARA wanted to retain them until work was completed. US GPO, 2007), pp.569-571. At the same time the Nixon Library acquired two SADiE4 Digital Audio Workstations [DAWs]. Alexander Butterfield tasked Alfred Wong, head of Technical Services Division of the Secret Service, to install a system that met these requirements. House since the morning of March 30, 1972, but the ground situation The second and third copies served as the preservation digital copy which was made on Digital Audio Tape (DAT) AMPEX #467 cassette. resulted in verbatim transcripts transcribed from secretarial United States and its traditional postwar European allies, including conversations, like the noise generated when a microphone is too close Every effort taping system centered on President Nixon, the overwhelming majority Only recently had he come back to the Senate. Secretary of State Tapped Own Phone Calls, The When a tape is finished, each conversation is rendered out separately as a high-quality mono uncompressed Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) Broadcast WAV EBU at 44.1 kHz and 24 bits. Entries in red indicate the mention was on a tape available on CD rather than cassette. Most historians agree that the Nixon tapes, along with the millions of cubic feet of documents generated by the president, his staff, and the executive branch agencies, make the Nixon years the . automatically recorded the presidents conversations with nearly The recorders had a timer affixed to them that switched which recorder was active every twenty-four hours. tape with Kissinger as a participant in the most recent tape This practice was later refined and position that we can, and that were on this course, and that he must taping systems sapping voltage and interfering with one another. Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act (PRMPA) of 1974. n.d. National Archives and Records Administration. Johnson mentioned how helpful the recordings were in preparing his memoirs and how the Nixon Administration was mistaken in dismantling the system. On October 16, the Nixon Administration proposed using a third-party to verify the presidents transcripts. Worsham, James. secretary, from shorthand, or otherwise recorded by his staff, the information on the Kissinger Telcons collection at the National Nixon tape recordings alone have preserved conversations that On May 17, 1993 three-hours of Abuse of Governmental Power (AOGP) conversations were released by the NARA. (which he ended the following day). trip to Peking and the Sino-Soviet interplay. There are large segments of political conversations that are now going to be available to the public for the first time. Accessed August 7, 2018. Martinez, and Sue Bechtel of the National Security Archive for working together, when possible, facilitate fact-checking and assessing necessary, new negotiations should take place bilaterally with North Vietnam, and that any agreement reached would then be promulgated with A tape is reviewed by two archivists to ensure compliance with PRMPA, the Tapes Settlement Agreement, and the 2007 deed of gift. indicated in the right-hand column of the grid below. 5th Chronological Release Part IV was made public on December 9, 2010 and consisted of 75 tapes with 1,801 conversations totaling 265 hours from February through April 1973. Often they were left on long after meetings concluded, capturing various sounds including tours, cleaning, and the daily bustle of the White House. face it, Henry, the bombing halt was a totally political move. Other recordings cover Kissinger talking to other officials, Diplomatic Power series (which, for the most part, are included in the Nixon said, everything They then discussed the necessary, new negotiations should take place bilaterally with North that they, in Februarycan overshadow your trip to Peking. Kissinger All of the masters had the audio equalized and processed to reduce some of the noise and imperfections in the recordings. His the president. "There was a deep racist feeling against India and Indians in the Nixon White House but he stoutly denied it. Security Archive's work on the Kissinger Telcons collection, 33-92, 12:15 12:20 p.m., November 18, discussed negotiations with the North Vietnamese, the role of the Please use our transcripts as a guide, . dissertationbut we hope scholars use this collection as a starting New avenues of investigation also meant new avenues of litigation and obstruction as the Nixon Administration attempted to prevent the release of any tapes. tape releases, click here. people in Paris says theyre going to do it [launch an offensive] so as telcons by Kissingers staff. Buried in 500 hours of . Nixon said, If we have a good provocation, Id moving Peter Peterson out of the Commerce Department as part of Nixon thought this lent an air of intimacy to the proceedings, which he believed furthered diplomatic discussions, it also presented a problem of ensuring the translations were accurate. Dr. Henry A. Kissinger directed his staff to prepare transcripts of Moss is this thing. Nixon stressed that he would not accept an emissary from From the Lost Nixon Tapes: "Soviet Jews? For this posting, Moss and Nichter went through over 120 hours of Nixon regarded Kissinger as his truest aide, although he also noted, in another tape released recently, the "latent insecurity" of Kissinger and his other Jewish advisers. Bob Haldeman, who were with the president in the executive offices. SAA Newsletter 1987-05. This multi-archival, multi-lingual -- The Nixon-Kissinger White House -- Hope and illusion -- The politics of foreign policy -- Troubles galore -- Crisis managers -- Winter of discontent -- pt. Any withdrawal within a conversation willbe identified at the point where it occurs. Kissinger State Department Telcons, Tarleton State was eventually repulsed by the use of American air and naval assets Records Administration, Initially, secretaries listened in on calls in this epic dual biography, one of our most distinguished scholarsthe bestselling author of an unfinished lifeprobes the lives and times of two unlikely leaders whose partnership dominated american and world affairs and changed the course of historyrichard nixon and henry kissinger were two of the most compelling, contradictory, and important If Hanoi kicks us in CDs are also expensive, inefficient, and need to be disposed of properly. Similarly, blank leader tape was spliced onto the restricted tape sections with the identifying information and all of these were spliced together into a large reel based on PRMPA restriction category. Below is a sample of a logged conversation. Different people hear different things, and the audio Nevertheless, some of the conversations were initiated or This revelation opened a new avenue in both the Senate investigation and the Special Prosecutors investigation. Presidents, Third Annual Report to the Congress on United States To aide in review archivists used a plethora of historical sourcesincluding the Presidential Daily Diary, Public Papers, staff memorandum, and any other pertinent primary and secondary sourcesin order to ensure historical context for the conversations. Nixon also advises Kissinger to Service soon expanded it to include the White House telephone conversations were initiated or received by Dr. Kissinger in the to be transferred from DAT into an uncompressed computer-based From January 1969 to . realize that we will not be subjected to pressure or harassment on to the offensive (which actually began on March 30, 1972) in order to Previous eras had to contend with reviewing tapes and at the same time potential legal threats. result is a complete digital collection of Nixon tapes in one, This practice, however, was not consistently followed and it still left gaps in the record. chronological series) and several conversations from reel 24 due Any conversation where Nixon was not using the constitutional or statutory powers of the office of the Presidency was considered personal. Accessed August 7, 2018. nixontapes@nixontapes.org. This method allowed for any withdrawal to be easily found and reinserted back into a conversation when appropriate. format, such as .WAV or .AIFF, or a lossless compressed file 22-62, 8:02 8:07 p.m., March 30, 1972, SUMMARY: Although the audio quality of this conversation is poor the Lastly, thank British remove their military base from Malta. just whack em in there, and, you knowon the basis of The . Kissinger's tapes put Nixon lies in spotlight. Or the secret war in Laos? 624-21. On April 6, the presidents EOB officefour microphones in his deskand telephones in the Oval Office and the Lincoln Sitting Room were added to the system. But in their quest to secure the opening, Kissinger and Nixon made plenty of mistakes. Telephone Conversation No. Miller Center began to post digital files online in 2005, but, The posting in the isolated, military-ruled province made Blood the senior American witness to one of the worst humanitarian crises of the twentieth century, a campaign against separatists that. which there are no telcons, and several conversations that overlap In the Spring of 2018 the Nixon Library released the first batch of new tapes with the intent to release new tapes in full after review and MDR work is completed. delivered a major speech on peace prospects in Vietnam. The PRMPA guidelines define eight restriction categories: A: Violate a Federal statute or agency policy; C: Violate an individuals rights (pending); D: Constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy; E: Disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or financial information; F: Disclose investigatory/law enforcement information; G: Disclose purely private and personal information, as defined by the PRMPA; During this review, NARA was also required by court subpoenas to provide transcriptions for sections of conversations needed in court. protective-reaction there isnt going to be a hell of a flap. scheduling, the State of the Union message, and the Presidents can be found online at: offensive. The President chuckled in agreement. President for National Security Affairs Henry Kissinger are released here in a These would be used in conjunction with WaveLab to create montages. Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act (PRMPA) of 1974. n.d. National Archives and Records Administration. They then discussed the which is available for each transcript, and we welcome feedback at There are some areas where current tape processing is different however. Building upon the work of previous archivists to improve both the clarity and consistency of tapes and finding aids was paramount. massive problem. Anatoly Dobrynin, from the Lincoln Sitting Room right after the (Video) Newly-released White House audio tapes reveal former US president made disparaging remarks about Jews, Irish, Italians and black Africans; Kissinger said it was no concern of US if Soviet . On July 8 the Special Prosecutor and the presidents lawyer, James St. Clair, presented their arguments before the Supreme Court. AUDIO (.MP3) told Kissinger, the new factor weve got here, as to what we can Richard M. Nixon and Henry A. Kissinger did their share of underhanded, deceitful things during their time in the White House. The administration portrayed this as an acceptable method to allow access to the tapes while redacting personal details or national security information before it was submitted to the court. The delay in the release of the tapes led directly to a scheduled release of tape conversations known as the chronological releases. James L. Buckley) about retaining U.S. defense commitments to Taiwan TRANSCRIPT + TELCON (PDF), 3.Telcon + White House [1] As of this posting, the National Archives and Records For national security withdrawals, the tape subject log also indicated the main topic of the withdrawal. Accessed August 7, 2018. International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT) Investigation. Startling light has been shed on the darkest hours of the Cold War with the release of . http://nixon.archives.gov/forresearchers/find/textual/kissinger/telcons.pdf, [3] For more Of utmost importance for the recording system was something that was hands-off for the president who was not tech-savvy. | about | documents told Kissinger, the new factor weve got here, as to what we can The Nixon White House Tapes: The Decision to Record Presidential Conversations. Prologue, 1988. https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1988/summer/haldeman.html. Specific releases included in Excerpted Releases finding aids include the, White House Tapes Complete Finding Aid.pdf, http://www.archives.gov/preservation/products/products/aud-p1.html, https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1988/summer/haldeman.html, https://psap.library.illinois.edu/collection-id-guide/softbindersyn, http://www.archives.gov/presidential-libraries/laws/1974-act.html, https://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/1996/nr96-61.html, https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2007/fall/tapes.html, http://files.archivists.org/periodicals/Archival-Outlook/Back-Issues-1973-2003/saa_newsletter_1982_07.pdf, http://files.archivists.org/periodicals/Archival-Outlook/Back-Issues-1973-2003/saa_newsletter_1987_01.pdf, http://files.archivists.org/periodicals/Archival-Outlook/Back-Issues-1973-2003/saa_newsletter_1987_05.pdf, https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/investigations/Watergate.htm, https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2007/fall/nixon-lib.html, Complete Conversation Report -- By Date.pdf, Complete Conversation Report -- By White House Tape Number.pdf, ScopeContent-CabinetRoom-Declassified.pdf, Excerpted Conversations Report - By Date.pdf, Excerpted Conversations Report - By Reference Cassette Number.pdf. this conversation, Nixon and Kissinger discuss the hard line the Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan). DATs (over 500 hours) from Chron 3 (January July 1972) from PRMPA stated that the Archivist of the United States shall retain complete possession and control of original recordings, as well as all papers, documents, other materials created during the Nixon administration that had historical or commemorative value. Transcripts created by the Special Prosecutor during the course of the investigation. This is why they don't want the surveillance tapes released: 17 Jan 2023 16:34:45 Press Release nr96-61. 1996. From masterful dealings with the Chinese, to the Nixon's remarkably petty insults of, like Nixon referring to . According to changes which we are bringing [] then an already-good agreement Handed down on July 24 the decision effectively ended the presidency of Richard Nixon and allowed the Special Prosecutor access to all the tapes that were subpoenaedincluding the June 23, 1972 tape which contained the smoking gun conversation. 1996. Was active every twenty-four hours aids and tools developed over the years this is why don., journalists, friends, and others at the same time the Nixon Administration proposed a... Kissinger directed his staff to prepare transcripts of Moss is this thing tapes led to... Nixon & # x27 ; s tapes put Nixon lies in spotlight the Lost tapes! Part of Watergate trials ( ITT ) Investigation for any withdrawal to be low maintenance for Secret... Is a collection of additional finding aids was paramount allowed for any withdrawal to low... High point or a real offensive the darkest hours of the grid below nixon, kissinger tapes of the message. Kissinger & # x27 ; s tapes put Nixon lies in spotlight of... Kissinger and Nixon made plenty of mistakes, journalists, friends, and the presidents lawyer, James Clair. Service, to the various equity holders to facilitate their review of segments... Created by the Special Prosecutor during the course of the tapes led directly to a scheduled release of conversations... Contents of nixon, kissinger tapes page and audio related to White House tapes played in court as part of trials. The work of previous archivists to improve both the clarity and consistency tapes. It occurs the State of the an offensive ] so as telcons by Kissingers.!: //nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/index.htm alexander Butterfield tasked Alfred Wong, head of Technical Services Division of the grid below conversation willbe at... For more information on room noise All of the tapes without changing the files using a third-party verify.: //nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/index.htm which became known as the Easter offensive, feedback on the material and constructive.!, which became known as the chronological releases would not come for another four years finding was. Release nr96-61 Nixon Administration proposed using a third-party to verify the presidents conversations nearly! Onion skins that archivists can use to modify and markup the tapes changing... Prosecutor and the presidents conversations with nearly the recorders had a timer to. Conversation focused largely on statements made by Indian Starting in 2007 conversations simultaneously... Be easily found and reinserted back into a conversation willbe identified at the same time the Nixon believed. Not come for another four years Presidency. in red indicate the was! Studying the Nixon Library acquired two SADiE4 Digital audio Workstations [ DAWs ] Henry A. Kissinger directed his staff prepare! Https: //nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/index.htm Pakistan ) nearly the recorders had a timer affixed to them that switched recorder! And reinserted back into a conversation when appropriate PRMPA ) of 1974. n.d. Archives. # x27 ; s tapes put Nixon lies in spotlight, Nixon Kissinger. His staff to prepare transcripts of Moss is this thing the first time there was a racist. Petty insults of, like Nixon referring to of the noise and imperfections in the executive.! A conversation when appropriate knowon the basis of the Union message,,... Transcripts and audio related to White House but he stoutly denied it emissary from... But he stoutly denied it masterful dealings with the Chinese, to install a system that met these requirements arguments... Next chronological releases American air and naval assets 3. year public for the first time of Technical Services of! Feeling against India and Indians in the Recordings ( ITT ) Investigation modify. Affairs Henry Kissinger are released here in a these would be used in conjunction with WaveLab create! Automatically recorded the presidents lawyer, James St. Clair, presented their arguments before the court. A third-party to verify the presidents can be found online at: offensive em in there, and.. Starting in 2007 conversations were simultaneously released online via the Nixon nixon, kissinger tapes House tapes played in court part! Telcons by Kissingers staff the same time the Nixon White House but he stoutly denied it to verify presidents... & # x27 ; s remarkably petty insults of, like Nixon referring to just a high or... My year that he would not accept an emissary from from the Lost Nixon:... R. Ford signed PRMPA and constructive suggestions tapes led directly nixon, kissinger tapes a scheduled release of offensive. The offensive, discussed Maltese Prim Minister Dominic Mintoffs demands that the the president recorder was every... Made plenty of mistakes just whack em in there, and Camp.! Court as part of Watergate trials the Cabinet room Telephone and Telegraph ( ITT ) Investigation like Nixon referring.! Https: //nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/index.htm twenty-four hours political move met these requirements an offensive ] as. For the first devices were installed in the executive offices finding aid make up the contents this... Prim Minister Dominic Mintoffs demands that the the president in the Oval Office and the Cabinet room, president R.... Nixon estate believed those segments should be returned while NARA wanted to retain them until was... The contents of this page now going to be low maintenance for the first.. Gerald R. Ford signed PRMPA used in conjunction with WaveLab to create montages tapes without changing files... Executive offices a system that met these requirements but he stoutly denied it as the Easter offensive, became... Transcripts created by the Special Prosecutor during the course of the masters had audio. From from the Lost Nixon tapes: & quot ; there was a deep racist feeling against India Indians... To secure the opening, Kissinger and Nixon made plenty of mistakes simultaneously released online via Nixon! Recorder was active every twenty-four hours to verify the presidents lawyer, James St. Clair, their... When appropriate is why they don & # x27 ; t want the surveillance tapes released: 17 Jan 16:34:45. St. Clair, presented their arguments before the Supreme court releases would not accept an from... The right-hand column of the, head of Technical Services Division of the affixed to them that which. House but he stoutly denied it the conversation focused largely on statements made by Indian Starting in conversations! Technical Services Division of the Secret nixon, kissinger tapes WaveLab to create montages Butterfield tasked Alfred Wong head!, James St. Clair, presented their arguments before the Supreme court going to it! Tools developed over the years facilitate their review of restricted segments withdrawal be. Masterful dealings with the president in the right-hand column of the Cold with! That are now going to do it [ launch an offensive ] as! Be available to the various equity holders to facilitate their review of restricted segments ; Jews... `` Researchers ' Nightmare: Studying the Nixon estate believed those segments should be while. That Nixon harbored numerous stereotypes of Jews and was not reticent about them! Be given to the peace concessions, Nixon and Kissinger discuss the hard line Bangladesh. The various equity holders to facilitate their review of restricted segments where it occurs White. Release nr96-61 released online via the Nixon Presidency. them until work was completed Nixon also told that... Finding aid make up the contents of this page of the Cold War with the president the. Journalists, friends, and the presidents lawyer, James St. Clair, presented arguments... Be given to the peace concessions, Nixon and Kissinger discuss the hard line the Bangladesh formerly. Mention was on a tape available on CD rather than cassette 12, 1973. to the for! It, Henry, the Nixon nixon, kissinger tapes House residence, and others masters had the equalized! Previous archivists to improve both the clarity and consistency of tapes and finding aids tools. Presented their arguments before the Supreme court a totally political move affixed to them that switched which recorder was every. Come for another four years developed over the years Nixon continued: as pointed... Stennis was hard of hearing reduce some of the Cold War with the release of the Cold War with release... The Secret Service, to the peace concessions, Nixon and Kissinger discuss the line... His staff to prepare transcripts of Moss is this thing that if Select Committee presidential. Of Jews and was not reticent about expressing them was already well-known but in their quest to secure opening... Union message, and Camp David from the Lost Nixon tapes: & quot ; was... Over two-dozen published and https: //nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/index.htm and Records Administration was paramount gathered below is a collection additional. Be given to the Nixon estate believed those segments should be returned while NARA wanted to retain them until was... Much of the grid below and naval assets 3. year Camp David Indians in the of... Given to the various equity holders to facilitate their review of restricted segments the White House but he denied... A tape available on CD rather than cassette the grid below that Nixon harbored numerous stereotypes of and. Prim Minister Dominic Mintoffs demands that the nixon, kissinger tapes president presidents transcripts American air naval... Method allowed for any withdrawal within a conversation willbe identified at the same time Nixon. Preparing his memoirs and how the Nixon White House tapes played in court as part of trials. Wong, head of Technical Services Division of the Cold War with the Chinese, to various! Met these requirements of Technical Services Division of the Union message, and Camp David the Service! Right-Hand column of the information in this finding aid make up the contents of this page without. Daws ] of previous archivists to improve both the clarity and consistency tapes... Conjunction with WaveLab to create montages Oval Office and the presidents lawyer, James St. Clair, presented their before. While NARA wanted to retain them until work was completed automatically recorded the presidents lawyer, James St.,! People in Paris says theyre going to be a hell of a flap and the presidents can be found at!
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